The brown boobook ( Ninox scutulata), also known as the brown hawk-owl, is an owl which is a resident breeder in south Asia from India, Sri Lanka, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Nepal east to western Indonesia and south China.
This species is a part of the larger grouping of owls known as , Strigidae, which contains most species of owl. The other grouping is the Barn-owl, Tytonidae.
Taxonomy
The brown boobook was formally described in 1822 by
Stamford Raffles from a specimen collected in
Sumatra under the
binomial name Strix scutulata.
The specific epithet is from
Latin scutulatus meaning "diamond-shaped".
The brown boobook is now placed with the other boobooks in the genus
Ninox that was introduced by the English naturalist Brian Houghton Hodgson in 1837.
Nine subspecies are recognised:[
]
-
N. s. lugubris (Samuel Tickell, 1833) — north, northeast, central India and Nepal
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N. s. burmanica Hume, 1876 — northeast India to south China, Indochina and Thailand
-
N. s. hirsuta (Temminck, 1824) — south India and Sri Lanka
-
N. s. isolata Baker, ECS, 1926 — Car Nicobar
-
N. s. rexpimenti Humayun Abdulali, 1979 — Great Nicobar Island
-
N. s. scutulata (Stamford Raffles, 1822) — Malay Peninsula, Riau Archipelago, Sumatra and Bangka Island
-
N. s. javanensis Erwin Stresemann, 1928 — west Java
-
N. s. borneensis (Bonaparte, 1850) — Borneo and north Natuna Regency
-
N. s. palawanensis Ripley & Rabor, 1962 — Palawan (west Philippines)
Description
The brown boobook is a medium-sized owl with a length of . It has a hawk shape due to its long tail and lack of a distinct facial disk. The upperparts are dark brown, with a barred tail. The underparts are whitish with reddish-brown streaking, although the subspecies found in the Andaman Islands has dark brown underparts. The eyes are large and yellow. Sexes are similar.
This species is very nocturnal but it can often be located by the small birds that mob it while it is roosting in a tree. It feeds mainly on large insects, frogs, lizards, small birds, and mice. The call is a repeated low soft, musical oo-uk ...ooo-uk... which may be heard at dusk and dawn. This owl is quite common in towns and cities like Colombo, Sri Lanka, as well as suburban areas close to buildings.
Distribution and habitat
The brown boobook is a resident breeder in most of tropical south Asia from the Middle East to south China. Its habitat is well-wooded country and forest. It lays three to five eggs in a tree hole.
Brown Hawk Owl: A Reference for North and Central American Owls
and a dead owl found on Kiska Island in 2008.[Bond, Alexander & Jones, I.L. (2010). A brown hawk-owl ( Ninox scutulata) from Kiska Island, Aleutian Islands, Alaska. 41. 107-110.]
==Gallery==
Further reading
External links